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Battle of Baghdad (946)
The Battle of Baghdad (946 AD) was fought between the forces of the Buyid amirate of Iraq under Mu'izz al-Dawla and the Hamdanid amirate of Mosul under Nasir al-Dawla within the city of Baghdad. The battle lasted for several months; it eventually ended in victory for the Buyids, who expelled the Hamdanids from Baghdad with a major offensive and secured control of the city.
The battle was the first conflict in the Buyid-Hamdanid Wars; it was also the only one to occur largely on Buyid, rather than Hamdanid, territory.〔See Canard, "Hamdanids," pp. 127-8 for a condensed chronology of these campaigns〕
==Background==
Baghdad became a Buyid possession when Ahmad ibn Buya advanced from al-Ahwaz with his army and entered the city in December 945. Upon his arrival, he met with the Abbasid caliph al-Mustakfi, who agreed to give him control of the affairs of the state and conferred on him the honorific of "Mu'izz al-Dawla."〔Zettersteen and Busse, p. 484〕 News of this event was received negatively by the Hamdanid amir Nasir al-Dawla, who ruled over Mosul and the districts of the eastern Jazira. Nasir al-Dawla had previously controlled Baghdad in 942 and he still entertained hopes of regaining the city;〔Kabir, p. 7〕 Mu'izz al-Dawla's takeover of the capital was therefore an unwelcome development for him.
Nasir al-Dawla had reason to be confident that he could defeat Mu'izz al-Dawla if he made an attempt to capture Baghdad. His army had been bolstered by the arrival of numerous Turkish soldiers who had fled from Baghdad just before Mu'izz al-Dawla's entrance into the capital,〔Miskawaihi, p. 88〕 and he was much more familiar with the territory between Mosul and Baghdad than his rival was. Mu'izz al-Dawla, on the other hand, was on less secure ground; Baghdad was in a sorry state thanks to years of mismanagement and he was hamstrung by its numerous financial and military problems.〔Donahue, p. 34〕 Nasir al-Dawla furthermore gained a pretext for war when in January 946 Mu'izz al-Dawla deposed and blinded the caliph al-Mustakfi and replaced him with the more obedient al-Muti'.〔Canard, "Histoire," p. 513; Miskawaihi, pp. 89-90〕 As a result of these factors, Nasir al-Dawla took a belligerent tone with the Buyids; he withheld the payment of tribute to Baghdad,〔Miskawaihi, p. 86, notes that Nasir al-Dawla had effectively stopped paying the required tribute even before the Buyid takeover of Baghdad〕 refused to recognize al-Muti' as caliph and continued to mint coins in al-Mustakfi's name.〔Bacharach, p. 58〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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